What if there is no deal?

A “very, very bad outcome,” in the words of Chancellor of the Exchequer Philip Hammond. The U.K. would regain control of laws, money, immigration and ability to negotiate trade pacts. If pushed it could even slash taxes and regulations to create a Singapore-style economy focused on drawing investment. (Embracing fully free trade could increase the U.K.’s long-term gross domestic product by 4 percent, according to Patrick Minford of Cardiff Business School.) But U.K. exporters would be subject to World Trade Organization duties and multiple non-tariff barriers. A hard border with Ireland would be needed, Britain-based airlines might not be able to land on the continent and the transportation of nuclear material would be impeded. The Center for Economic Performance estimated trade would fall 40 percent over a decade and average income by 2.6 percent in the no-deal scenario.

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