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MIT's Simon Johnson sits down with fellow Nobel laureate economist Philippe Aghion to examine what ails Europe and how to revive its dynamism. ... Read more...
10 June 2026
Peter Lambert and Yannick Schindler's research into reasons for a fall in entry-level hiring, shows the drop off began after Covid and before AI, John Burn-Murdoch discusses their findings in his Data Points column. ... Read more...
29 May 2026
Congratulations to Dr Antonin Bergeaud who has been named the Best Young French Economist, 2025 by Le Monde and Le Cercle des Économists. The prize is awarded to a French economist under the age of 41 in recognit... Read more...
19 May 2025
The UKRI Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) has awarded the Centre for Economic Performance (CEP) £9.2mn for its five-year programme of work from 2025. This renewed funding will enable CEP to co... Read more...
18 March 2025
Working from home keeps employees happy, reduces pollution by cutting billions of commuting miles and supports millions of employees with care and disability challenges in work. Nick Bloom reviews the existing data on wo... Read more...
29 September 2023
As the unofficial "Father of Hybrid Work", Stanford's Nick Bloom has spent years studying how we work and how we will work. He'll present new research and share his thoughts on what companies should be preparing for, a... Read more...
13 November 2022
High energy prices are causing problems, as are the consequences of the Covid pandemic and the effects of Brexit. But research by the Resolution Foundation and the Center for Economic Performance suggests the causes of t... Read more...
15 July 2022
Nick Bloom in conversation on a surprising find from the pandemic: remote work is fuelling economic growth. ... Read more...
02 June 2022
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16 May 2022
In their robotics focussed study carried out in 2015, Graetz and Michaels concluded that robot densification increased the annual growth of GDP and labour productivity by about 0.37% and 0.36% respectively across 17 coun... Read more...
23 September 2019
Work by the OECD and Oxford Martin School also notes widening gaps in productivity and profit mark-ups between the leading businesses and the rest. This suggests weakening competition and rising monopoly rent. Moreover, ... Read more...
18 September 2019
Of course, the elasticity of the response to automation is an empirical question. Recent studies indeed find evidence of positive employment responses in some industries with new information technologies, automation, and... Read more...
13 September 2019
12 September 2019
Those who are already doing well in world labor markets are able to benefit - or at least to lose less-from disruption. It is those who are not doing so well who find their inferiority of position amplified by occupation... Read more...
30 August 2019
A recent study from the London School of Economics highlights the challenge for those people whose skills become less in demand as a result of economic or technological disruption. They analyze the lifetime earnings of S... Read more...
19 August 2019
Here it is interesting to visualize the implementation of industrial robots, the reference to the work of Graetz and Michaels, "Robots at work", of which they contribute the published picture 'Number of Industrial Robot... Read more...
13 August 2019
In addition, a number of works conclude that robotization, unlike computerization, leads to a decrease in demand for low and increased demand for highly skilled labor, but not to a drop in demand for medium-sk... Read more...
30 May 2018
It should also be taken into account that different types of new technologies have different influences on routine occupations: computerization causes the death of routine intellectual activities (for example,... Read more...
It is important also to see digitalisation and robotisation as a distribution problem. There is evidence that digitalisation and its applications have had a different impact on the various segments of the labo... Read more...
21 May 2018
In 2015, a study by Guy Michaels and George Graetz (https://voxeu.org/article/robots-productivity-and-jobs) looked at the impact of robots in manufacturing, agriculture and utilities across 17 countries. They ... Read more...
14 May 2018
"Whilst automation appears to be increasing the demand for high-skilled, high-income employees, its impact on low-skilled, low income employment is less clear," wrote the IFR. "Wage stagnation a... Read more...
03 May 2018
Further bolstering its case, the IFR release called out a recently published London School of Economics (LSE) study entitled Robots at Work. Examining the use of industrial robots in 17 developed economies bet... Read more...
30 April 2018
Robots’ capacity for autonomous movement and their ability to perform an expanding set of tasks have captured writers imaginations for almost a century. Recently, robots have emerged from the pages of sc... Read more...
25 April 2018
The London School of Economics (LSE) recently published a study entitled Robots at Work on the use of industrial robots in 17 developed economies between 1993 and 2007. LSE head of research, Guy Michaels, summ... Read more...
19 April 2018
There is a very interesting study made by the Economic Research Center of London, directed by George Graetz and Guy Michaels, which shows that between 1993 and 2007 in the United States the number of robots in... Read more...
02 April 2018
"There is no consensus on how robotics will affect the creation or destruction of employment, some studies are optimistic and others are not," Professor Guy Michaels of the London School of Economics... Read more...
01 April 2018
22 March 2018
Robots are set to steal lawyers’ jobs. Experts predict artificial intelligence breakthroughs mean machines will soon sift through legal paperwork and other complex documents at ultra high speed. Prof Guy... Read more...
21 March 2018
Guy Michaels interviewed live during a conversation about the impact of robots and technology on productivity in the UK. ... Read more...
27 February 2018
This is potentially consistent with a story where the jobs that have been easiest to automate are middle-class-ish. Some jobs require extremely basic human talents that machines can’t yet match – l... Read more...
19 February 2018
Within the manufacturing industry, high levels of productivity would not be possible without the introduction of automation. A typical automotive manufacturer simply could not keep up with the demand for volum... Read more...
09 February 2018
08 February 2018
Briefing note prepared for the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting in Davos, Switzerland Concerns about automation’s impact add to the climate of mistrust. In the European public debate over automatio... Read more...
31 January 2018
In accordance with the theory of skill-biased technological change, many researchers are convinced that automation predominantly threatens low-skilled workers, who are at risk of being substituted for intellig... Read more...
19 December 2017
A recently published study, "Robots at Work" (Graetz, Michaels, 2017) highlights the actual economic impact of a major robot integration in industry. One conclusion is that the average increase in GD... Read more...
15 December 2017
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11 December 2017
Research from Graetz and Michaels using data from the International Federation of Robotics found that the use of robots within manufacturing raised the annual growth of productivity and GDP by 0.36 and 0.37 pe... Read more...
04 December 2017
An important study on panel data for 14 branches of seventeen countries for the period 1993-2007. was recently carried out by G. Graetz and G. Michaels (Graetz, Michaels, 2015). They demonstrated that at the s... Read more...
03 December 2017
A study by Graetz and Michaels found that the impact of industrial robots should boost pay for highly skilled workers while reducing pay for workers with low to medium skills. ... Read more...
01 December 2017
For our analysis, we exploit the same dataset from the International Federation of Robotics (IFR) that was used by Acemoglu and Restrepo (2016, 2017) and in the pioneering study by Graetz and Michaels (2017). ... Read more...
06 November 2017
Some recent studies, however, such as a 2015 paper by Georg Graetz and Guy Michaels, found that at least in the area they studied – the impact of industrial robots – innovation is boosting pay for ... Read more...
04 November 2017
Some recent studies however, such as a 2015 paper by Georg Graetz and Guy Michaels, found that at least in the area they studied – the impact of industrial robots – innovation is boosting pay for h... Read more...
03 November 2017
Recent research has shown that industrial robots in the US have led to heavy losses in terms of jobs and incomes. In this article, we will explore the impact they have had on the labor market in Germany, where... Read more...
22 October 2017
Industrial robots are high-quality, productive workers; humans can’t match their output. Because of these steel-collar workers and their peerless output—around the clock if necessary!—p... Read more...
13 October 2017
Fort Payne, Alabama was the former “Sock Capital of the World” until a trade deal triggered job losses. In this installment of #WorkInProgress, we show how one sock maker is pushing to keep “... Read more...
10 October 2017
Speaking mainly about vending machines and industrial robots. A study by George, Graetz of Uppsala University and Guy Michaels of the London School of Economics, which investigated the impact of roboticisation... Read more...
06 October 2017
Finally, the jobs most susceptible to automation are routine jobs that are made up of few, repetitive tasks, which tend to be lower- or middle-skill jobs. Non-routine jobs, on the other hand, require interpers... Read more...
05 October 2017
Article by Georg Graetz and Guy Michaels Whilst the U.S. unemployment rate has returned to pre-recession lows, there is concern among policymakers about other developments in the American labour market, not... Read more...
02 October 2017
26 September 2017
In recent work, Graetz and Michaels looked at 14 industries (mainly manufacturing industries, but also agriculture and utilities) in 17 developed countries (including European countries, Australia, S... Read more...
23 September 2017
In the recent shift from outsourcing manufacturing, many pundits have argued that the addition of more robotic job automation the more manufacturing jobs would be lost. This correlation has recently been the s... Read more...
12 September 2017
In the academic paper ‘Robots at Work’, Georg Graetz of Uppsala University and the LSE’s Guy Michaels discovered that, between 1993 and 2007, automated systems encouraged the average GDP of c... Read more...
09 September 2017
Economists Georg Graetz of Uppsala University and Guy Michaels of the London School of Economics produced a 2015 study which found that between 1993 and 2007, Michaels said, there was “a negative effect ... Read more...
The third reason to focus on Germany is a practical one. Detailed German labor market data are merged with the same data on industrial robots, that is also used by Acemoglu and Restrepo (Robots and J... Read more...
07 September 2017
In 2015, economists Georg Graetz of Uppsala University and Guy Michaels of the London School of Economics analyzed the effects of industrial robots on employment in 17 different countries between 1993 and 2007... Read more...
10.1111/twec.12440 ... Read more...
14 August 2017
Tackling the question, ‘What’s the future of work’, are: Professor David Graeber of LSE’s Department of Anthropology; Dr Aleks Krotoski, social psychologist, technology journalist and f... Read more...
01 August 2017
Research done by Graetz and Michaels has shown that robots are contributing to historic production growth since their entrance into the manufacturing industries. Overall, it shows that between 1993 and 2007, r... Read more...
31 July 2017
In a new study from London’s Center for Economic Research [sic], the analysis offered by George Graetz and Guy Michaels of Uppsala University and the London School of Economics, respectively, offers some... Read more...
24 July 2017
Graph credit: Graetz and Michaels, “Robots at Work" - taken from the Brookings Institute article located here- which manages to interpret data from the Graetz and Michaels study rathe... Read more...
19 July 2017
IFR quoted OECD's research results. Companies that introduced innovative technology said they are more productive than 2-10 times more than companies that do not. Also cited a study by Graetz and Michaels ... Read more...
13 July 2017
According to the report of "The Impact of Robots on Productivity, Employment and Jobs" published by the International Robot Federation (IFR) recently issued by the Korea Robot Industry Promotion Agen... Read more...
11 July 2017
Several empirical studies have sought to determine whether recent technological advances have reduced the aggregate demand for work or hindered wage growth. For example, Terry Gregory, Anna Salomons and Ulrich... Read more...
07 July 2017
Observing 17 European countries, Georg Graetz and Guy Michaels (2015) estimate that the diffusion of industrial robots has stimulated labor productivity, value added, wages and overall factor product... Read more...
04 July 2017
Of made, in one of the pioneers on the subject drawn up by Georg Graetz and Guy Michaels in 2015 and in which analyzed data from 17 countries advanced from 1993 to 2007, found that, as seen in the following im... Read more...
16 June 2017
In fact, in one of the pioneering works on the topic developed by Georg Graetz and Guy Michaels in 2015 and analyzing data from 17 advanced countries from 1993 to 2007, find that, as seen in the following imag... Read more...
06 June 2017
Includes in the roundup: ‘Is Modern Technology Responsible for Jobless Recoveries?’, Georg Graetz and Guy Michaels, American Economic Review, May 2017 Abstract: Since the early 1990s, reco... Read more...
31 May 2017
In the period 1993-2007, Graetz and Michaels found that in 14 industries in 17 developed countries including Australia, industrial robots increase labour productivity, total factor productivity and wages. They... Read more...
17 May 2017
‘The first of these studies uses an industry-level robotics dataset to estimate the impact of the implementation of industrial robots on wages, productivity nd working hours from the 1990s to 2007 ... Read more...
14 May 2017
Article by Georg Graetz and Guy Michaels. Article originally published at VoxEU, Saturday 13 May Recoveries from recessions in the US used to involve rapid job generation. During the 1970s and 1980s, the fi... Read more...
Georg Graetz and Guy Michaels, DOI: 10.1257/aer.p20171100 Related publications In brief... Is technology to blame for jobless recoveries? Georg Graetz and Guy Michaels. Article in CentrePiece Volume 2... Read more...
12 May 2017
In 2015 by Georg Michaels[SIC] and Guy Graetz [SIC] published evidence from a dataset of companies in 17 countries gathered between 1993 and Subject articles 30 CLR News 1/2017 2007. They suggest that, while p... Read more...
Since the early 1990s, the US has been plagued by weak employment growth when emerging from recessions – so called ‘jobless recoveries’. Georg Graetz and Guy Michaels look at multiple recover... Read more...
09 March 2017
This phenomenon of labor market polarization (or “hollowing out” of middle-skilled jobs) has attracted widespread attention and contributed to the ongoing debate on the impact of technological chan... Read more...
14 February 2017
There hasn't been much macroeconomic research on the impact of robots to persuade commentators to move from anecdote to analysis. However, new evidence begins to shed some light on the macroeconomic role of automation in... Read more...
27 April 2015