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Induced innovation and international environmental agreements: evidence from the ozone regime

Eugenie Dugoua


This paper revisits one of the rare success stories in global environmental cooperation: the Montreal Protocol and the phase-out of ozone-depleting substances. I show that the protocol increased science and innovation on alternatives to ozone-depleting substances and argue that agreements can indeed be useful in solving global public goods problems. This contrasts with game-theoretical predictions that agreements occur only when costs to the players are low and with the often-heard narrative that substitutes were readily available. I reconcile theory and empirics by discussing the role of induced innovation in models of environmental agreements.


29 November 2023


The Review of Economics and Statistics , pp.1-45, 2023


DOI: 10.1162/rest_a_01398

https://direct.mit.edu/rest/article/doi/10.1162/rest_a_01398/118336/Induced-Innovation-and-International-Environmental

This Journal article is published under the centre's Growth programme.