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Der Spiegel: Bringt eine Zollunion die Losung? / Will a customs union bring the solution?
4 April 2019
"How unequal power relations can be, is shown by the example of Turkey, whose customs union with the EU has hitherto been limited to industrial products. If the EU lowers the industrial tariffs for a particular trading partner, then Turkey must do likewise. In return, it does not automatically get better access to the market of this country. The market access agreements are 'deeply asymmetrical', according to Holger Breinlich, an economist at Surrey University."